Agroecology, a term for agricultural practices that link agronomy (agricultural science) and ecology (environmental science), is a way of designing production systems that rely on functionalities offered by ecosystems. It amplifies them while aiming to reduce pressure on the environment (eg: reduce greenhouse gas emissions, limit the use of phytosanitary products) and preserve natural resources. It is about making maximum use of nature as a factor of production while maintaining its capacity for renewal. Faced with the growing degradation of land and forests due to anthropogenic pressures, agroecology thus appears to be a solution aimed at adopting practices that take into account the balances of nature and the services it provides. It optimizes and stabilizes agricultural yields while playing a multifunctional role for sustainable agriculture and the preservation of the environment. However, its dissemination to rural populations is not always easy. As an innovation in the forest context, its application in the Bella, Dikobé and Bidou 1 villages of the municipality of Lokoundjé, disrupts traditional practices and governs the differentiated assessments of village stakeholders. This article proposes to analyze these traditional practices, in order to find an agricultural model adapted to the context of the target communities, with an anchor on agroecology. The study brings together theories of social change and management of the commons. The scientific approach adopted is based on a review of the literature, the creation of experimental plots in the three villages, focus groups, interviews with resource persons, direct and participatory observations of agricultural practices in the three communities, and finally awareness raising. Farmers. The results show that agricultural activity is dominated by shifting slash-and-burn agriculture, practiced by 94% of the surveyed population. The negative impacts of this practice lie in the uncontrolled use of fire and the reduction of fallow periods. Faced with these findings and with regard to awareness raising, the populations are attentive and receptive to the presentation of the agroecological approach but remain reluctant to put it into practice. This reluctance is mainly linked to the lack of financial means and the requirements inherent in agroecological practices. To remedy this situation, measures such as support for the creation of associations and support for individual pilot initiatives have been tested.