Project Detail

Reducing Forest Clearance through Sustainable Land Management in Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary and Preah Vihear Protected Forest, Preah Vihear

The project will work in collaboration with the CALM project (GEF Full size project)? a joint initiative of UNDP Cambodia, MAFF, MoE and WCS. The Forestry Administration of MAFF is responsible for management of Protected Forest areas, whilst MoE is responsible for management of Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary. Local government will be involved in project implementation, including Commune Councils, District authorities and Provincial Departments of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, Environment, Land Management and Rural Development. All activities will also be integrated into the National Decentralisation and Deconcentration (the successor to PLG, Partnership for Local Governance) annual planning process.
The project aims to reduce deforestation in Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary (KPWS) and Preah Vihear Protected Forest (PVPF), by sustainable land management through improving agricultural productivity and soil conservation, targeting families identified as contributing to forest clearance. The project will work with farmers in four villages ? Tmatboey, Dangphlat, Chhep Lech and Chhep Kert (833 households total) ? within or adjacent to two conservation areas: KPWS and PVPF. Within these communities, FLD will target and assist 100-150 families with sustainable land management, which will serve as examples for others. This will lead to real reductions in poverty and food insecurity for the target families. By adopting a village-based approach, with coordination and conflict resolution by the village committee, the project will also help to build community capacity for sustainable land management. As a consequence, the village committee will be better equipped to deal with future land issues as they arise. Finally, by introducing new alternative income options, the project will begin to reduce dependence on forest resources for local livelihoods.

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Project Snapshot

Grantee:

Farmer Livelihood Development Organisation

Country:

Cambodia

Area Of Work:

Land Degradation

Operational Phase:

Phase 3

Grant Amount:

US$ 30,992.00

Co-Financing Cash:

US$ 27,480.00

Co-Financing in-Kind:

US$ 1,300.00

Project Number:

KHM/07/13

Start Date:

1/2007

End Date:

12/2007

Status:

Satisfactorily Completed

Project Characteristics and Results

Notable Community Participation

A large number of indirect beneficiaries are expected from the project. Through the long-term presence of FLD technical staff in the villages and on-going support to farms assisted in 2006, many more families are expected to adopt aspects of the new techniques for sustainable land management. For example, the 2006 project originally targeted only 10 demonstration farms, however a further 47 households also adopted the techniques. Before interventions are undertaken further the Participatory Rural Appraisals (PRAs) and surveys of the target families undertaken in 2006 will be updated, in order both to plan activities and as a baseline for the project. Participatory methods will be used to create a framework which empowers people to participate in identifying assets, problems and possible solutions for their own livelihoods, with the support of the project implementation team. The participatory plans produced will guide project implementation. This multifaceted approach ensures that project responsibility, training and management is shared by the village committee, training providers and most importantly the beneficiaries themselves.

Emphasis on Sustainable Livelihoods

Agricultural sustainability and food security will be improved through learned practices such as soil conservation, nutrient management (e.g. composting) and crop rotation (introduction of legumes) and diversification. Aspects of the nationally recognised SRI (System of Rice Intensification) approach will be introduced to improve rice production and rice yields in paddyfields. Degraded land is an important local issue, as extensive areas of previously farmed land are now infertile. FLD will work with local farmers to improve soil quality, to allow the continued use of this land, in addition to building knowledge regarding soil nutrient management. Implementation for the chamkar households will be slightly different from that used with for paddyfield families. Some aspects of the SRI approach are valid for chamkar and will be introduced. FLD will also undertake a study tour for selected families to visit CEDAC (Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture) demonstration farms with chamkar in Ratanakiri. Finally, for the families unable to implement sustainable land management techniques FLD will provide training and support in developing alternative sources of income. This will include: domestic mushroom production using rice straw, chicken-raising, vegetable monoculture, rice-fish culture and establishing a community shop.

Significant Participation of Indigenous Peoples

Among the targeted 100 families, there are 30 families of Kui minority who will participate and get benefit from participation in project implementation.

Capacity - Building Component

Implementation will focus on a holistic range of training courses and participatory learning. Education and training programmes are central to the project and beneficiaries themselves undertake all construction stages of the project under the instruction of the implementation team. This instruction ensures effective continual production into the long term. This practice also provides the beneficiaries with a sense of ownership and ensures project sustainability and success. The 57 household farms established during the first FLD project at Tmatboey and Dangphlat will provide ideal training and demonstration venues for families to learn new techniques. Since these farms are located within easy access this provides an efficient and effective learning environment. It also encourages adoption of the techniques, as families can see that the new farming methods are effective in the local context.

Promoting Public Awareness of Global Environment

The project will allow villagers to see the difference environmental protection can make on their livelihoods. The alternative farming techniques will show the importance of integrating sustainable techniques, environmental awareness and agriculture

Gender Focus

Women will be encouraged to attend and participate fully in all project meetings and stages of activity, to raise their concerns and points of view. Decisions will not be made without women?s participation and support. Females will comprise a minimum of 50% of those who participate in all village based training courses. Once project activities have been implemented, women will participate in groups to share their experiences from the project. During monitoring and evaluation, women and men will be provided opportunities to feed back on project successes and difficulties and strategy development.

Project Results

- FLD? staff took part on technical support of land use quality for agricultural soil nutrition with CPA Committee in TB and WCS to determine boundaries of areas of paddy land and chamcar. While in DP, WCS determined boundaries of paddy land and chamcar by cooperating activities with local authorities as village chief, commune councils, FA and Department of land use management in Preah Vihear province.
- WCS and CPA committees in TB & DP have demarcated boundaries of land by painting border trees to draw a line between forest and paddy or chamcar land and the boundary markings between forest and paddy land completed. Map of land boundaries land sent to MOE and FA and they are waiting for response from them.
- Local authorities and Villagers at Tmatboey and Dang Phlet villages followed recognized their existing paddy land and residential areas because these lands are determined by laws of Ministry of Environment and Forestry Administration which it means that these lands are legal.

After training and field visits, villagers have been adopted techniques that they have learned. Result has shown as below:
- 101 households raised indigenous chicken in chicken houses and 70 households of chicken raising vaccinated to
prevent infectious diseases such as pox, cholera and .
- 37 households (31 earth ponds & 6 plastic ponds) cultured fish as Tilapia, Silver barb, Indian Carp and Common
carp
- 54 households grew vegetables in Home Gardening.
- 39 households raised pig by using traditional techniques
- The trained farmers have been raising fish, preparing home gardens, raising chickens, and produced mushroom as immediate results of the training.
- The trained farmers have presently benefiting in a form of consumption and income earning from their applied techniques. For examples, 27 households of fish farming catch 5-10 kg of fish for eating per family and they got income 20,000 Riel from selling table fish, amongst those 2 families sold table fish and fish seeds of Tilapia to villagers in Tmatboey village. A family Mr Keo Somon received 105,000 Riel and 40,000 Riel by selling 700 fingerlings & 10 kg of the grown fish and another family Mr Sopheak received 225,000 Riel and 60,000 Riel by selling 1,500 fingerlings and 15 kg of table fish.

- 54 households of home gardening consumed 5-10 kg of vegetables per family and 10 households at
Tmatboey village and 10 household at Chhaep Lech and Chhaep Koet villages received 100,000 to 200,000
Riel from selling their vegetables.

- 101 households consumed meat of chickens from 2-6 heads per family (1.5-2.5 kg per head) and 60
households received income from selling of chickens 50,000- 300,000 Riel for each family.

- 40 households consumed 3-5 kg of mushroom per family at Tmatboey, Chhaep Lech, Chhaep Koet and
Dang Phlet villages.

Quick results have motivated the trained farmers to continue their application the introduced skills in chicken raising, home gardening, and fish farming activities. The more time they focused on these income generating activities, the less chance will they go to hunt wild bird species and animals and cut trees. This will eventually substitute their dependent forest livelihoods. Therefore, in the longer time, a sustainability of wildlife species and biodiversities will be anticipated.
- Improve bio-diversities of environments because protected and conservative areas will be of forests, wild animals and fisheries and protected by communities
- Attract more tourists to visit wild birds and animals because its will have a lot of wild birds and animals.
- There will be of forests as residences for wild birds and animals and make good climate.

When the trained farmers appreciate their result of learning on SRI and compost making techniques as evidenced by an increase of rice yields, possible replication by other non-project beneficiaries will be more likely. The techniques, although it is not going to immediately stop villagers from encroaching forest land to make paddy field as number of villagers have been increasing every year, but to reduce somewhat extent of forest pressure in a sustainable manner in the longer term when every one has applied on their existing paddy fields. The introduced techniques will make them aware of the importance of natural fertilizers and other low-cost techniques for crops production to promote natural resource conservation effort ? participation with the community land-use plans.

Villagers changed their attitude from rice production with their previous tradition techniques to the newly introduced techniques of system of rice intensification for improving rice production ? reducing rice production cost, i.e, 52 households implemented SRI in TB,DP, CHHL & CHHK.

46 households in Dang Phlet villages have applied techniques of System Rice Intensification in rice production. Before they grew rice by planting 10-25 seeds per hole and each hole grew 8-18 stems. After training they grew rice by digging a hole to put rice seeds from 3- 5 seeds per hole and each hole grew between 10 to 21 stems.

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Indicators

Empowerment

Number of CBOs / NGOs participated / involved in SGP project 4

Empowerment

Number of indigenous people participated/involved in SGP project 210

Biophysical

Hectares of degraded land rest 150

Biophysical

Number of innovations or new technologies developed / applied 4

Livehood

Number of households who have benefited* from SGP project 700

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