Project Detail

Developing a community model of climate change adaptation in a floating village in Ha Long

Project title and code: Building the community of fish farming village at Ha Long Bay to adapt to climate change (VN/MAP-CBA/2010/05)
The fishing villages of Hung Thang Ward, Ha Long City lie in the middle of Ha Long Bay with a population of 400 households. The main career of the people is fish cage farming and minor commercial fishing in the Ha Long Fishing Ground and the vicinity.
The livelihood of these sea-dwelling residents completely relies on oceanic resources. In the situation of impacts of climate change becoming increasingly obvious and coastal sea resources depleting, the community of sea-dwelling residents are those who endure the most damage. The impacts influencing local residents include unpredictable weather, which induces disadvantages upon fish farming and harvesting, including extreme weather events like cyclones, storms and floods appearing with increasing frequency. Climate change, together with depleting resources, environmental pollution and fewer choices of livelihood, has made the impacts on the fishing community more negative and difficult to adapt to.
To solve the aforementioned problem, this project aims at building a model community of fish farming villages at Ha Long Bay by using pollution-minimizing and climate-change-adaptive approaches in aquaculture and community-based tourism development in order to generate more livelihood and income for the community
To achieve those goals, the project?s approach is (i) letting the community participate, lead and benefit from the project, improving understanding about and awareness of climate change and theadaptive capacity to climate change, (ii) applying technical solutions in environmental protection and sustainable marine resource use using pilot models that adapt to climate change and (iii) integrating adaptive activities of the project in the economic and social development of the locality and in the corporative relationship with other agents.

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Project Snapshot

Grantee:

Quang Ninh Fisheries Associations

Country:

Viet nam

Area Of Work:

Climate Change Mitigation

Operational Phase:

OP4 - Y2 (Jul 08 - Jun 09)

Grant Amount:

US$ 50,000.00

Co-Financing Cash:

US$ 9,583.13

Co-Financing in-Kind:

US$ 28,222.33

Project Number:

VN/MAP-CBA/2010/05

Start Date:

12/2010

End Date:

12/2012

Status:

Satisfactorily Completed

Project Characteristics and Results

Capacity - Building Component

- 5 technical trainings on integrated farming of fish cages with the environment-friendly farming practice objects like geoduck clam, oyster and measures to minimize environmental pollution. - 3 trainings on community-based ecotourism development like homestay (overnight at rafts), join together to people in fishing harvesting, recreational fishing. - 01 field trip to other locations with experience of successfully raising geoduck clam, oyster and the and sustainable use of resources fisheries. - 3 trainings on surveillance patrol skills resource exploitation and environmental protection and disaster management was held for members of the group. - 8 patrol visits were held to support the parties involved in the management of environment and natural resources in the bay. - The community meetings (20 meetings) were held to discuss the following issues: ? The designing & estimation of the model. ? Community vote for households to participate in the project based on the criteria proposed. ? Develop community credit funds and fund management regulations. ? Arrange box cages for Pacific oyster, regular oyster & fish areas ? Evaluate the results and share experiences on the implementated model. - The propagation (2 times) on environmental issues and climate change was held on the anniversary date of the global environment and world heritage or fishing festival with the creative and practical content and format. - 4 field conference was organized to evaluate the results and experiences in implementing the model.

Notable Community Participation

- Develop a model of a community in the pelagic fishermen village in Ha Long Bay to take the trial application of solutions to reduce pollution and adapt to the impacts of climate change in aquaculture development and community-based tourism to create new livelihoods and income for the community. - Through the implementation of this project, the Fisheries Association of Quang Ninh province obtained many valuable lessons for replication in other localities with similar conditions to support fishermen in adaptation climate change in aquaculture. - During the project design, the project preparation team examined the location to consult on the most urgent needs and solutions to solve the problems people are having. - The project foster the community in participating and owning the project to acquire the expected outcome of the project, through facilitating community participation in all activities of the project, disseminating information on community projects through the local mass media, meetings, training courses, seminars and other communication materials for the project. - Community participation is subject to the preliminary evaluation activities and the final assessment of the project. During the implementation of construction activities of the demonstration, the community has cast a vote of households participating in the project on the basis of the criteria set forth by the Management Board and signed a commitment contract out.

Emphasis on Sustainable Livelihoods

- Population of Ha Long Bay is currently around 1603 people, mainly in the fishing village of Cua Van, Ba Hang, cable laying (Hung Thang ward, Ha Long city). - Residents of this area mostly live on boats, on the raft house to make it convenient for the catching, aquaculture and aquatic breeding. - According to the People's Committee of Hung Thang in 5/2010, the three fishing villages in Ba Hang, Cua Van, Vong Vieng have 400 households and 1603 people, the economy is mainly based on fishing and tourism. - The entire ward has 467 marine vessel operators, 1300 box cages of seafood, aquaculture production potential is estimated 800 times. In addition, seafood services business is also growing, number of existing seafood business is 130 household vehicles, 40 boats carrying tourists to create jobs for 80 employees. - The advantage is of 100% conventional neighborhood had a common Residence Agreement and low poverty rate, Hung Thang ward only 29 poor households (in total 1638 households), of which only seven households groups at sea. - Aquatic resident community, who depend on marine resources (mining, farming ...) - The project solved the need for support for fishing communities in the pelagic village to ensure fish cages aquaculture activities a form of sustainable livelihoods in the context of unusual weather occurred frequently in the recent years. - The effect of socio-economic environmental model, people will continue the project's solutions for ensuring the livelihood and income - the top concern of people. - Ecosystems: ? Mangrove forests, coral reefs, tidal flats, sea grass. ? There are about 185 species of phytoplankton, 140 species of zooplankton, 500 species of the seafloor. ? There are about 477 species of magnolia, 12 species of ferns and 20 species of mangrove plants. ? Particularly animals have 4 species of amphibians, 8 reptile species, 40 bird species and 14 mammal species. ? There are about 169 species of polychaete, 16 species of seaweed, 90 species of fish, 170 species of coral.

Project sustainability

- Sustainability and replication is the goal of the project and should be focused in the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the project. - The model of the project involves the participation, ownership and the directl benefits of the community. Raising awareness and understanding of the people about climate change to accommodate their actively adaptation to climate change in their life and production as well as acts of conscious and environmentally-friendly and effective use of resources nature. - Community capacity for each of the central goals of the project is to ensure the project sustainable after the project ends. Communities and people inheriting the model results and continue to implement, expand the project if they finish mastering the techniques shared in the project process. - With the approach integrating environmental issues and climate change in the economic development of local society, the project will leave impact on local policy making to facilitate the implementation of adaptation models by the community. - The technical solutions of projects and lessons learned are summarized, communicated and shared to stakeholders will work to promote project sustainability and replication in the near future.

Project Results

Project Results
- Develop model of fishing community villages in Halong Bay to adapt to climate change:
? Testing the application of measures to reduce environmental pollution.
? Apply the solution to adapt to the impacts of climate change in aquaculture with cages:
o geoduck (Panopea generosa)
o oyster
o aquaculture with CCA
? development of community tourism to make new livelihoods and income: a model of community tourism.
- Testing the application of measures to reduce environmental pollution:
? Increase knowledge, awareness and capacity of community organizations and techniques in order to reduce environmental pollution and adapt to the impacts of climate change
? Training and study tour and propagation.
? To strengthen the group / team to prevent floods for fishing villages.
? to strengthen the capacity of the teams to proactively respond at spot, to mobilize local resources; operation regulations, to take part in training, to have equipment and patrol.
? to get loan from revolving fund, loan management.
? to support upgrading equipment: replace foam float with plastic ones to limit pollution of the bay ...
- Apply the solution to adapt to the impacts of climate change in aquaculture with cages:
? experiment adoption of geoduck clam in 1,500 cages and oyster in 1000 cages in 10 seclected households at Cua Van village.
? geoduck (Panopea generosa) and oysters: are bivalve mollusks, do not need food so they do not put pressure on the natural aquatic resources such as fish in cages. They are environment friendly with high economic value.
? Project provided technical support for community: choose the good seed, design cages, technical monitoring, training on management, environmental monitoring, and harvest with food safety.
? to get loan from revolving fund to pilot fish raising activity.
? Establishment of Community Fund Management.
+ Results from pilot model of geoduck and oysters raising:
? After one year of implementation, the model obtained initial results, economic and social efficiency and climate change adaptation.
? geoduck raising models had good results. The clams grew well, with economic efficiency.
? But most of oysters were in slow growth, the size was smaller than the one in Cat Ba district. The reason was that regional environment was relatively closed, mild water flow making water flow move little, which not suitable for most oysters.
? 2011: the fifth storm named Nesat caused severe damage: damage to equipment, 15% -50% loss of economic efficiency, environmental disturbance, pollution in the bay ...
- Aquaculture model to adapt to climate change:
? Equipped with full knowledge and equipment for people to mobilize local resources. That was the best solution.
? Further consolidation of the flood preventing team the fishing village because the team was still lack of equipment/devices (large boats to evacuate people in times of disaster, etc.). It can be combined with boating cooperatives in the village to use the boat to travel when there was no disaster ...
? the community were aware of environmental issues (partly caused by themselves) that cause a major impact on fish, geoduck clam, but they did not have enough capacity to change, such as: mini toilet with microbiology treatment, replace conventional detergents with other environment friendly products?
? Loans:
o loans for non-production activities like as alternative float replacement;
o The loan for production: With loans for geoduck and oysters farming; upgrade equipment for tourism ...
? It is difficult to prioritize the poor to participate in the project as a revolving fund mechanism, monthly interest payment, community contribution of 50% in the model;
? The perception of the people about loans: have a better understanding of the loan mechanism, the responsibility to pay back in order to improve production efficiency, savings;
? These funds would be leaved the community after the project ends, to help to reduce the vulnerability of communities.
- Development of community tourism to create new livelihoods and income:
? Support community in implementation of community ecotourism model: stay overnight at floating cages (homestay), tourists participate in fishing with the local people, boating to take visitors around the fishing floating village, fishing for entertainment, for tourism to diversify livelihoods and income for the community.
? It was estimated that 10 households in the village of Cua Van (or at Vong Vieng - Cap De) would participate in the model recreational fishing, homestay and fishing with the local people.
? Implement the revolving loans.
? Procurement of equipment for tourism, recreational fishing ...
? Pickup planning and community tourism plan
? Monitoring and technical support.
? Training on safety and travel skills.
+ Results and lessons learned on community-based tourism:
? Model of staying overnight at floating cages/ villages (homestay): The unfortunate incidents (sinking, collision, etc.) occurred so the authorities of Quang ninh province and Ha Long bay temporarily did not grant additional licenses for this service. Therefore, staying overnight in the floating villages (homestay) had not been implemented.
? the project in collaboration with the boating Cooperatives in Cua Van village to carry out activities like fishing experient with people, boating to take visitors around, fishing for recreation.
? The diversity of livelihoods was a good solution and should be replicated in the 6 remaining villages on Ha Long Bay.
- Through the implementation of this project, the Quang Ninh provincial fisheries draw on the lessons learned for dissemination and replication in other localities with similar conditions to support farmers to adapt to climate change in aquaculture.
- To build a community of fishing villages on the bay into the self-management community, proactive adaptation to climate change and environmental protection, the project should:
? Gain the knowledge and skills for them to proactively adapt, promote the community's flood preventing team;
? Technical support: to redesign floating houses better and more aesthetic, technical solution to handle organic waste from the daily life of the people, to replace conventional detergents with environment friendly products;
? Diversification of livelihoods: promoting community-based tourism model (equipment, skills, tourism planning initiative)
? Support for equipment and resources that they can mobilize resources at spot in case of disaster: ship, rescue raft, float, ...

Thereby, confirmation of the existence of the community in fishing floating village in Ha Long Bay would be necessary for provincial policy.

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