204 households has expanded organic vegetable farm to 16.88 ha from initial 2.32 ha. Out of 204 beneficiaries, 26 households had initiated commercial farming whereas 61 families were engaged in semi-commercial farming. The remaining 117 households had started organic farming for self consumption only. While assessing economically, the 204 families have produced 240,310 kg of fresh vegetables worth NRs 5,406,975 within a year. The farmers have experience of earning NRs 3,427,380 by selling 152,328 kg of vegetable. The crop intensity has also increased to 3 rotation in a year from one to two rotation per annum. As such the average annual income has sharply increased to NRs 35,543 per Kattha from NRs 5,000 per Kattha (1 Kattha=0.03385 Ha)

Domesticating the wild honeybee
Three day training on beekeeping was conducted at Haraiya 6, Bara where 31 farmers participated. (Annex 4). After the training, 18 log hives and 6 modern hives were also distributed to the participants. At present, 65 households have started to rear wild honeybee (A. cerana Feb.) in 182 hives (176 log hive and six modern hive). Within 18 months, they had produced 1820 kg of honey which worth NRs 1,274,000. It was seen that the maximum production of honey from log hive and modern hive was 15 kg and 20 kg per year respectively. One quarter of the honey produced was sold to market at the rate of NRs 700.00 per kg and earned NRs 318,500.

Conserving the bees in wild

With the active collaboration from Sahajnath collaborative forest, the project sensitized members on the national forest policies, rules, regulations. They are also sensitized to initiate stall feeding and prevent forest grazing, reducing the number of unproductive livestock and control forest fire. Moreover, the project helped to develop trained firefighters for checking the forest firing. 20 ha plot inside the Sahajnath Collaborative Forest was demarcated for wild honey bee conservation. Different bee for a such as Eucalpytus spp. (Masala: Eucalpytus), Shorea robusta (Sal tree), Bombax ceiba (Simal: Bombax), Melia azadarach (Bakaino: Persian lilac), Litchi chinensis and other fruit trees were planted. The demarcation has also helped in germination of other seedlings as well.

Forming the farmers group
The project formed 10 farmers group having 204 member households with 1072 members (Annex 1). Out of 204 households 165 were female (81%) and 39 were male (19%) and the total woman and man population were 515 and 557 respectively. Ethnical composition of the groups were: 29 Dalit (14%), 124 Janajati (61%), and 51 others including Brahmin/Chetri (25%).

Out of 10 groups, four groups had been registered with District Agriculture Development Office and had cumulative saving of NRs 171,588 (Annex 2).

Demonstration of pollination role of honeybee in mustard
A community led demonstration plots to demonstrate effective and efficient honeybee's pollination role were set in mustard farm of local farmers.

Methodology
To develop awareness among the farmers of project area about the importance of native bee Apis cerena, a participatory action research was carried out. Two pollination demonstration plots were set in mustard farm during mustard flowering period (add month and year). In both plots, two sub-plots of (5m×3m×4.5m) -- one with honeybee and another without honeybee -- were set. These plots were covered with net. Farmers participated in every activity of the participatory action research which included plot setting, covering with netting and yield measurement.

Result and conclusion
It was observed that mustard yield in plot with honey bee was increased by over 55%. Likewise average number of pod and mustard grain inside the pod were increased by over 44 and 50% respectively (Table 1), With this result demonstration, the farmers easily understood the important pollination role of native honeybee which subsequently helped in increase in productivity.

Two farmers field school (FFS) for summer and winter crop were conducted in Haraiya, Bara for 16 weeks. Every Saturday morning, 58 farmers participated in the school for two hours (Annex 4). The participants were selected in the basis of their interest, their commitment to become organic farmers and serve as master farmer for dissemination and imparting knowledge to other farmers.

Summer Farmers Field School:
A total of 30 farmers (3 from each group) had participated in the school where they learned to cultivate five summer vegetable crops namely bottle gourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, okra and bean.
For practical learning, a 170 m2 land was divided in two plots- one for demonstration of IPM and another for farmer?s traditional method. Both the plots were again divided in 5 sub plots. In each plot a single selected crop was cultivated.

Winter Farmers Field School:
A total of 28 farmers (3 each from eight groups and 2 from remaining 2 groups) had participated in the school where they learned to cultivate five winter vegetable crops namely cauliflower, cabbage, tomato, chilly, and radish. Similar to that of summer school, a 170 m2 land was divided in two plots- one for demonstration of IPM and another for farmer?s traditional method. Both the plots were again divided in 5 sub plots. In each sub plot a single selected crop was cultivated.

In the FFS or IPM training, participants learned to identify insect pest, manage pest in integrated way which include all mechanical, cultural, biological practices, preparation and application of Jivatu, Gitimal, Pheromone trap.

Likewise, two events with two day long fresh vegetable production and management training benefitting 49 beneficiaries was also conducted in Haraiya, Bara.

After the training on organic mode of farming, 178 direct beneficiaries prepared and applied Jivatu, Gitimal, pheromone trap and other organic products which helped in reducing agri chemicals by 80%.


Investing the Earnings
In total, the community has experienced of earning NRs 3,745,880 directly from both organic farming and beekeeping. (annex 5). At end of the project, the project also carried out sample survey on expenditure on earning from the project intervention. It was reveled that, beneficiaries have utilized their chunk of earnings (31 %) for food followed by housing and energy (i.e. 13%). The income from the project contributed significantly for children?s education (i.e. 12%). Likewise, rise of communication expenditure (8 % from 3.2% prior to project intervention) revealed public interest in communication means.