The project site Gansu Yanchiwan National Nature Reserve is located in the southeast of Subei Mongol Autonomous County. It is a ultra large wildlife protected area targeting the conservation of plateau area wildlife such as snow leopard, white-lipped deer, wild yak and Tibetan gazelle. The nature reserve covers 1.36million ha. area including 421600ha. of core area, 280000ha. of buffer zone and 658400ka. of experimental zone. There are 289 households living in this nature reserve and the population is less than 1000. Their income mainly relies on animal husbandry and farming.
According to the join survey by the nature reserve administration and the grantee NGO, 14 individual snow leopards identified through infrared cameras record during period of 90 days in 25 grids covering 400km2. Based on this survey, SECR model analysis was conducted and it's estimated that within the 3636.7 km2 investigation area, the snow leopard population density is?1.318±0.377/100 km2.

Main Problems:
1. the fragmentation of habitat
2. livestock grazing
3. climate change
4. conservation is lacking of support from community
5. build community's conservation capacity and communicate project experiences

Solutions/activities:
1. build snow leopard monitoring network
2. pilot livestock sheltering management technology and improve grassland fence setting up to reduce the negative impact to wildlife
3. demonstrate human-animal conflict insurance mechanism
4. help local community to establish livestock vaccination plan through Ecosystem Health Program to reduce livestock disease and the risk of disease infection to wildlife

Anticipated results/activities:
1. four new monitoring stations established and snow leopard monitoring and investigation area covered 277500ha. of nature reserve
2. three pilot livestock fence improvement sites established and the ratio of human-animal conflict reduced 50%;Yanchiwan Wildlife Accident research report completed
3. livestock insurance compensation scheme developed and 30 demonstration households benefited
4. about 9000 livestock vaccinated, 30 households participated and 300 people influenced
5. about 300 people obtained snow leopard conservation knowledge; 1 snow leopard international workshop organized with 30 participants; 1 policy recommendation on livestock fence improvement submitted to local government; project report published and 2-3 academic papers published