The reconstruction of evolutionary patterns of the animals that followed human spreading over the millennia always arouses great interest among scientists. One of the domestic animals, whose presence marks the beginning of human expansion in Europe and Asia, is the dog. One of such races is the Illyrian molos. Such dogs have been always used for pastoral purposes in the Southern Illyrian (Epirus, Cameria). Overall, in ancient times Illyrian moloses were considered as the guardians of Albania for their strong hunting instinct. The project will be carried out in collaboration with the Department of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Sassari, Italy and aims to investigate the genetic variability and originality of the so-called dog breed "Illyrian Molos" which is endemic to Albania. The project will also promote this breed for pastoral activities in the southern Albania.