The project area faces multiple challenge regarding the land degradation. Slash and burning with less fallow period, climatic hazard and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Indigenous Tamangs and Magars are engaged exclusively in slash and burn farming with low fallow period. The erratic and excessive rain in the sloppy terrain denuded by slash and burning farming triggers soil erosion via forming large gully and landslide.
The extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticide in the project area is very worrisome. On an average, in one ha agriculture land, 600 kg per annum of chemical fertilizer are applied. The use of pesticide is even worst, farmers are using 1000liters of red Lable (most hazardous, prohibited to use in food croup) are applied per ha. The major insecticides and pesticides used in the areas are; 1) Thiodan, 2) Chloropyriphous, 3) Nuvan, 4) Kingstar, 5) Kinghunter, 6) Kingvan, 7) Chlorodane (powder), 8) Malathion 50% EC, 9) Cypermethrin 25%EC and the fungicides are 1) Saaf, 2) Kingstival, 3) Clearcil, 4) Mancozeb 75%WP, and 5) Bevistin.

In order to address the degradation, the project aim to apply climate smart agriculture, uplift economic status of locals by engaging them in sustainable agriculture.